|
AHCPR. Clinical Practice Guideline.
No. 14: Acute Low Back Problems in Adults. U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services. Publication No. 95-0642, December 1994.
van Alphen HAM, Braakman R, Berfelo
M, Broere G et al.. Chemonucleolysis or adiscectomy? Results of a
randomized multicentre trial in patients with a herniated
intervertebral disc. Acta Neurochir (Suppl 43):35-38, 1988.
Arnoldi CC, Brodsky AE, Cauchoix J,
et al. Lumbar spinal stenosis and nerve root entrapment syndromes:
Definition and classification. Clin Orthop, 115:4-5, 1976.
Boden SD, David DO, Dina TS,
Patronas J, Wiesel SW. Abnormal lumbar spine MRT scans in
asymptomatic subjects: a prospective evaluation. J Bone Joint Surg,
72(A):403-408, 1990.
Boos N, Rieder R, Schade V, Spratt
KF, Semmer N, Aebi M. The diagnostic accuracy of MRI, work
perception and psychosocial factors identifying symptomatic disc
herniations. Spine, accepted for publication, 1995.
Bridwell K, Sedgewick T, O'Brien M,
Lenke L, Baldus C. The role of fusion and instrumentation in the
treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis with spinal stenosis.
J Spinal Dis, 6:467-472, 1993.
Caputy A, Lessenhop A. Long term
evaluation of decompressive surgery for degenerative lumbar
stenosis. J Neurosurg, 77:669-676, 1992.
Chatterjee S, Foy PM, Findlay GF.
Report of a controlled clinical trial comparing automated
percutaneous lumbar discectomy and microdiscectomy in the
treatment of contained lumbar disc herniation. Spine,
20(6):734-738, 1995.
Delamarter RB, Sherman JE, Carr JB.
Cauda equina syndrome: Neurologic recovery following immediate,
early, or late decompression. Spine, 9:1022-1029, 1991.
Deyo RA, Cherkin DC, Loeser JD,
Bigos SJ, Ciol MA. Morbidity and mortality in association with
operations on the lumbar spine. The influence of age, diagnosis
and procedure. J Bone Joint Surg, Vol 74-A:536-543, 1992.
Ejeskär A, Nachemson A, Herberts
P, Lysell E, Andersson G, Irstam L, Peterson L-E. Surgery versus
chemonucleolysis for herniated lumbar discs. A prospective study
with random assignment. Clin Orthop 174:236-242, 1983.
Franklin GM, Haug J, Heyer NJ,
McKeefre SP, Picciano JF. Outcome of the lumbar fusion in
Washington State Workers' Compensation. Spine 19:1897-1904, 1994.
Frymoyer JW. Back pain and sciatica.
New Engl J Med, 318:291-300, 1980.
Gogan WJ, Fraser RD. Chymopapain: A
10-year, doubleblind study. Spine, 17(4):388-394, 1992.
Gray ICM, Main CJ, Waddell G.
Psychological assessment in general orthopaedic practice. Clin
Orthop, 194:258-263, 1985.
Grobler L, Robertson P, Novotny J,
Pope M. Etiology of spondylolisthesis. Assessment of the role
played by lumbar facet joint morphology. Spine, 18:80-92, 1993.
Gundewall B, Liljeqvist M, Hansson
T. Primary prevention of back symptoms and absence from work. A
prospective randomized study among hospital employees. Spine,
18:587-594, 1993.
Hansson T. Ländryggsbesvär och
arbete. Arbetsmiljöfondens rapporter. ISBN: 91-87460-238, 1987.
Hansson T. Spinal stenos och
instabilitet i ländryggen. Aktuellt om patofysiologi och smärtmekanismer.
Nord Med, 109:77-80, 1994.
Herkowitz HN, Kurz LT. Degenerative
lumbar spondylolisthesis with spinal stenosis. A prospective study
comparing decompression with decompression and intertransverse
process arthrodesis. J Bone Joint Surg, (Am);73(6):802-808, 1991.
Herron LD, Turner J. Patient
selection for lumbar laminectomy and discectomy with a revised
objective rating system. Clin Orthop, 199:145-152, 1985.
Hitselberger W, Witten R. Abnormal
myelograms in asymptomatic patients. J Neurosurg, 28:204-206,
1968.
Holm S, Nachemson A. Nutrition of
the intervertebral disc: Acute effects of cigarette smoking. An
experimental animal study. Uppsala J Med Sci, 93:91-99, 1988.
Johnsson KE, Rosén T, Udén A. The
natural course of lumbar spinal stenosis. Acta Orthop Scand,
61(Suppl)237:24, 1990.
Johnsson KE, Udén A, Rosén T. The
natural course of lumbar spinal stenosis. Clin Orthop Rel Res,
80:277, 1992.
Johnsson KE, Willner S, Johnsson K.
Postoperative instability after decompression for lumbar spinal
stenosis. Spine 11:107-110, 1986.
Junghanns H. Spondylolisthesis ohne
spalt in zwischengelenstuck. Archiv fur Orthopaedische und
Unfall-Chirurgi, 29:118-127, 1930.
Jönsson B. Lumbar nerve root
compression syndromes. Symptoms, signs and surgical results.
Avhandling, Lunds universitet, 1995.
Jönsson B, Strömqvist B. Lumbar
spine surgery in the elderly. Complications and surgical results.
Spine 13:1431-1435, 1994a.
Jönsson B, Strömqvist.
Decompression for lateral lumbar spinal stenosis - Results, impact
on sick leave and working conditions. Spine 19:2381-2386, 1994b.
Jönsson B, Strömqvist, B. The
straight leg raising test and the severity of symptoms in lumbar
disc herniation. Spine, 20:27-30, 1995.
Katz JN, Lipson SJ, Larson MG,
McInnes JM, Fossel AH, Liang MH. The outcome of decompressive
laminectomy for degenerative lumbar stenosis. J Bone Joint Surg
(Am), 73-A(6):809-816, 1991.
Kellett KM, Kellett DA, Nordholm
LA. Effects of an exercise program on sick leave due to back pain.
Phys Therapy, 71(4):283-291; discussion 291-293, 1991.
Kelsey JL, Githens PB, O'Connor T,
et al. Acute prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc. An
epidemiologic study with special reference to driving automobiles
and cigarette smoking. Spine, 9:608-613, 1984.
Kornblatt MD, Casey MP, Jacobs RR.
Internal fixation in lumbosacral spine fusion: a biomechanical and
clinical study. Clin Orthop, 203:141-150, 1986.
Kostuik JP, Harrington I, Alexander
D, et al. Cauda equina syndrome and lumbar disc herniation. J Bone
Joint Surg, 68A:386-391, 1986.
Lindström I, Öhlund C, Eek C,
Wallin L, Peterson L, Fordyce WE, Nachemson AL. The effect of
graded activity on patients with subacute low back pain: a
randomized prospective clinical study with an operant-conditioning
behavioral approach. Phys Ther, 72:(4):279-293, 1992.
Linton SJ, Bradley LA, jensen I,
Spangofrt E, Sundell L. The secondary prevention of low back pain:
a controlled study with follow-up. Pain, 36(2):197-207, 1989.
Lombardi J, Wiltse L, Reynolds J,
Widell E, Spencer C. Treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis.
Spine, 10:821-827, 1985.
Malmivaara A, Hakkinen U, Aro T,
Heinrichs M-L, et al. The treatment of acute low back pain - Bed
rest, exercises or ordinary activity? New Engl J Med,
332(6):351-355, 1995.
Matsunaga S, Sakou T, Morizono Y,
Masuda A, Demirtas A. Natural history of degenerative
spondylolisthesis. Spine, 15:1204-1210, 1990.
Mayer HM. Endoscopic Discectomy or
Microdiscectomy in Contained Lumbar Disc Herniations? - Results of
a prospective randomized study. Presented at the International
Society for the Study of the Lumbar Spine, Seattle June 21-25,
1994.
Nachemson A, Rydevik B.
Chemonucleolysis for sciatica. A critical review. Acta Orthop
Scand, 59(1):56-62, 1988.
Nachemson A. Ont i ryggen -
orsaker, diagnostik och behandling. SBU-Statens Beredning för Utvärdering
av medicinsk metodik. Stockholm, ISBN 91-878901-10-0, 1991a.
Nachemson AL. Spinal disorders.
Overall impact on society and the need for orthopaedic resources.
Acta Orthop Scand, 62(Suppl 241):17-22, 1991b.
Nachemson A. Newest knowledge of
back pain. A critical look. Clin Orthop, 279:8-20, 1992.
Nordwall A. Should low back pain be
treated by fusion? Presented at the 19th Symposium, Lumbar Spine
Disorders, Groningen, Holland, April 1994. Guest Editorial.
Orthopaedics International Edition, Vol 3(5):385-388, 1995a.
Nordwall A. Personal Communication,
1995b.
North RB, Campbell JN, James CS,
Conover-Walker MK, Wang H, et al.. Failed back surgery syndrome:
5-year follow-up in 102 patients undergoing repeated operation.
Neurosurgery, 28(5):685-691, 1991.
Olmarker K, Rydevik B, Holm S,
Bagge U. Effects of experimental, graded compression on blood flow
in spinal nerve roots. A vital microscopic study on the porcine
cauda equina. J Orthop res, 7:817-823, 1989.
Olmarker K. Spinal nerve root
compression. Nutrition and function of the porcine cauda equina.
Acta Orthop Scand, Suppl 242, Vol 62, 1991.
Olmarker K, Rydevik B, Nordborg C.
Autologous nucleus pulposus induces neurophysiologic and
histologic changes in porcine cauda equina nerve roots. Spine
18:1425-1432, 1993. (Volvo Award in Low Back Pain Research 1993.)
Porter RW, Hibbert C, Evans C. The
natural history of root entrapment syndrome. Spine 9:418-421,
1984.
Postacchini F, Cinotti G. Bone
regrowth after surgical decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis.
J Bone Joint Surg (Br), 74:862-869, 1992.
Revel MN, Payan C, Vallee C, Laredo
JD, Lassale B, Roux C et al.. Automated percutaneous lumbar
discectomy versus chemonucleolysis in the treatment of sciatica: A
randomized multicenter trial. Spine 18(1):1-7, 1993.
Rosenberg NJ. Degenerative
spondylolisthesis. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 57:467-474, 1975.
Rydevik B. Ischias och diskbråck.
Aktuellt om patofysiologi och smärtmekanismer. Nord Med,
109:74-76, 1994.
Rydevik B, Brown MD, Lundborg G.
Pathoanatomy and pathophysiology of nerve root compression. Spine
9:7-15, 1984.
Rydevik B, Holm S, Brown MD,
Lundborg G. Diffusion from the cerebrospinal fluid as nutritional
pathway for spinal nerve roots. Acta Physiol Scand, 138:247-248,
1990.
Sanderson PL, Wood PL. Surgery for
lumbar spinal stenosis in old people. J Bone Joint Surg (Br),
75B:393-397, 1993.
Schönström N, Bolender N,
Spengler D, Hansson T. Pressure changes within the cauda equina
following constriction of the dural sac. Spine, 9:604-607, 1984.
Schönström N, Hansson T. Pressure
changes following constriction of the cauda equina. An
experimental study in situ. Spine, 4:385-388, 1988.
Schönström N, Lindahl S, Willén
J, Hansson T. Dynamic changes in the dimensions of the lumbar
spinal canal. An experimental study in vitro. J Orthop Res,
7.115-121, 1989.
Shaffer WO, Spratt KF, Weinstein J,
Lehmann TR, Goel V. The consistency and accuracy of roentgenograms
for measuring sagittal translation in the lumbar vertebral motion
segment. An experimental model. 1990 Volvo Award in Clinical
Sciences. Spine, 741-750, 1990.
Strömqvist B, Jönsson B.
Computerized follow-up after surgery for degenerative lumbar spine
diseases. Acta Orthop Scand, Suppl. 251(64):138-139, 1993.
Svensson H-O. Low Back Pain in
forty to fortyseven year old men: a retrospective cross-sectional
study. Akademisk avhandling, Göteborgs universitet 1981.
Toivanen H, Helin P, Hanninen O.
Impact of regular relaxation training and psychosocial working
factors on neck-shoulder tension and absenteesim in hospital
cleaners. J Occup Med, 35:1123-1130, 1993.
Tregonning GD, Transfeldt EE,
McCulloch JA, Macnab I, Nachemson A. Chymopapain versus
conventional surgery for lumbar disc herniation. 10-year results
of treatment. J Bone Joint Surg, (Br) 73(3):481-486, 1991.
Tullberg T, Isacson J. Weidenhielm
L. Does microscopic removal of lumbar disc herniation lead to
better results than the standardized procedure? Results of a
one-year randomized study. Spine, 18:17-20, 1993.
Turner JA, Ersek M, Herron L,
Haselkorn J, Kent D, Ciol MA, Deyo R. Patient outcomes after
lumbar spinal fusions. JAMA, 268(7):907-911, 1992a.
Turner JA, Ersek M, Herron L, Deyo
R. Surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis. Attempted meta-analysis of
the literature. Spine, 17:1-8, 1992b.
Waddell G, McCulluch JA, Kummel EG,
Venner RM. Non-organic physical signs in low back pain. Spine
5:117-125, 1980.
Weber H. Lumbar disc herniation. A
controlled, prospective study with ten years of observation. Spine
8:131-140, 1983.
Weber H, Ljunggren AE, Walker L.
Traction therapy in patients with herniated lumbar intervertebral
discs. J Oslo City Hospital, 34(7-8):61-70, 1984.
Weinstein JN, Rydevik BL,
Rauschning W. Anatomic and technical considerations of pedicle
screw fixation. Clin Orthop Rel Res, 284: 34-46. 1992.
Wiesel SW, et al. The incidence of
positive CT-scans in an asymptoms group of patients. Spine,
9:549-552, 1984.
Wilson CB, Ehni G, Grollmus J.
Neurogenic intermittent claudication. Clin Neurosurg, 18:62-85,
1971.
Zdeblick TA. A prospective
randomized study of lumbar fusion: preliminary results. Spine,
18:983-991, 1993.
Zucherman J, Hsu K, Picetti G,
White A, Wynne G, Taylor L. Clinical efficacy of spinal
instrumentation in lumbar degenerative disc diseases. Spine,
17(7):834-837, 1992.
Senast uppdaterad:
2004-04-16
|
